中国电化教育

人工智能技术的发展推动了高等教育与工作图景的变革,人类正面临着智能“可替代性”的技术性恐慌。高等教育的专业化培养模式因经济层面的实用性与有用性从而帮助受教育者实现专业化就业的工作图景。由于人工智能技术对教育工作契约的瓦解,高等教育一方面因其专业化特质陷入了“专业化失业”的尴尬局面,另一方面将可能由于自身专业化培养模式的结构性困境引发“专业化待业”的工作焦虑。因而,高等教育系统理应作好预防性的观念启蒙和制度性的体系构建,以自身主动转型引领社会进步。高等教育首先需要更新整全式教育理念,培养新质人才并处理好通才与专才的关系;其次需要转换受教育者的经济性教育思维,帮助受教育者树立从旨在就业到指向价值的教育观转变;最后应以高质量发展为导向,融合精英教育与大众教育,实现人才培养体系的突破。

The development of Artificial Intelligence technology has led to the transformation of higher education and the work landscape, and human beings are facing the technological fear of “substitutability” of intelligence. Higher education's specialized training model helps educated people to realize the work landscape of “specialized employment” due to its practicality and usefulness at the economic level. Due to the dismantling of the promise of education by AI technology, higher education will fall into the awkward situation of “professional unemployment” due to its professionalism on the one hand, and “professional inactivity” due to the structural difficulties of its own professional training model on the other. On the other hand, the structural dilemma of its own specialized training mode may lead to the anxiety of “specialized jobless”. Therefore, the higher education system should make preventive conceptual enlightenment and institutional arrangements to lead the social progress by its own active transformation. Firstly, higher education needs to update the concept of holistic education, cultivate new talents and deal with the relationship between generalists and specialists; secondly, it needs to change the economic education thinking of the educated, and help the educated to establish a change in the education viewpoint from aiming at employment to pointing to value; finally, it should be oriented to the high-quality development, integrating the elite education with the popular education, and realizing the breakthrough of the talent cultivation system.