中国电化教育

人工智能(AI)的发展正在深刻改变制造业的生产实践结构,也推动职业教育实训形态转型。在此背景下,教育部进行了前瞻布局,在2026世界数字教育大会上设立“智能制造与未来实训”平行会议。该文基于实践理论(Practice Theory)视角,提出“智能实践系统”这一分析性概念,用以解释AI时代职业教育未来实训的新形态。“未来实训”已经不再是传统实训体系的技术升级问题,而是制造业生产实践结构变化在职业教育中的深层体现,是职业教育实训发展的方向。未来实训研究的核心点不再是传统意义上的技能训练空间,而是由学习者、数据平台、 AI智能体、工业系统与组织生态共同构成的复杂实践场域。通过对本次会议相关报告与呈现案例的分析,进一步揭示未来实训将从“模拟生产”向“真实生产过程教育化嵌入”转变; AI将重构实训的实践过程、影响实践过程的可见性以及学生作为实践主体的生成机制,从而推动职业教育高技能人才培养逻辑的深层变革。

The development of artificial intelligence(AI) is profoundly transforming the structure of manufacturing practices and driving a transformation in the nature of vocational education training. Against this backdrop, the Ministry of Education of China has taken a forward-looking approach by establishing a parallel session on “Intelligent Manufacturing and Future-Oriented Training” at the 2026 World Digital Education Conference. Drawing on the perspective of practice theory, this paper proposes the analytical concept of the “smart practice system” to explain the new forms of future vocational education training in the AI era. “Future-oriented training” is no longer merely a matter of technological upgrades within the traditional training system; rather, it represents a profound reflection of the structural changes in manufacturing production practices within vocational education and signifies the direction of vocational training development. The core focus of future-oriented training research is no longer the traditional space for skills training, but rather a complex field of practice jointly constituted by learners, data platforms, AI agents, industrial systems, and organizational ecosystems. Through an analysis of the reports and practical cases presented at this session, it is further revealed that future-oriented training will shift from “simulated production” to the “educational integration of real production processes.” AI will reshape the training process, influence the visibility of that process, and transform the mechanisms through which students emerge as active participants in practice, thereby driving a profound transformation in the logic of high-skilled talent cultivation within vocational education.