中国电化教育

我国正在全面推进高质量教育体系的建设,而教育评价作为教育的重要组成,构建高质量的教育评价体系给教育指好指挥棒尤为重要。在数字化转型背景下,如何充分利用德智体美劳五育全要素数据来深度、精准刻画学生综合素质的成长画像对教育评价改革提出了新的研究问题。该文围绕学生综合素质评价的数字画像构建,从指标体系层、数据实践层以及数字画像层设计了基于数字画像的综合素质评价框架。首先,基于学术研究文献和政策文本的梳理归纳,形成核心素养视域下的综合素质评价指标体系。其次,考虑了指标体系中不同维度数据的采集难易程度及技术要求,提出包含必选数据项、可选数据项及拓展数据项的MIPAL数据模型,进一步将综合素质评价指标与三类数据项分别进行映射转换。以必选数据项的部分数据为例,构成学生五育表现的标签,并给出了利用数字画像技术以全面、立体、客观地评价学生综合素质的方法。最后,从因材施教、生涯规划、家校共育、考试招生以及教育治理方面对数字画像的具体应用策略进行了阐述,表明了基于数字画像的综合素质评价对于促进学生综合素质发展以及基础教育质量提升的价值。

China is comprehensively promoting the construction of high-quality education system, and as an important component of education, it is particularly important to build a high-quality education evaluation system to guide education. Under the background of digital transformation, how to make full use of the data of morality, intelligence, sports, art and labor education to deeply and accurately depict the growth portrait of students' comprehensive quality raises a new research question for educational evaluation reform. This paper focuses on the construction of digital portrait of students' comprehensive quality evaluation, and designs a comprehensive quality evaluation framework based on digital portrait from the index system layer, data practice layer and digital portrait layer. First of all, based on the sorting and summarizing of academic research literature and policy texts, a comprehensive quality evaluation index system is formed from the perspective of core literacy. Secondly, considering the difficulty and technical requirements of the data collection of different dimensions in the index system, a MIPAL data model was proposed, which included mandatory data items, optional data items and extended data items. Furthermore, the comprehensive quality evaluation indexes were mapped and transformed with three types of data items respectively. Some data of the required data items are taken as examples to form the label of students' performance in five education, and the method of using digital portrait technology to evaluate students' comprehensive quality in a comprehensive, three-dimensional and objective way is given. Finally, the paper expounds the specific application strategies of digital portrait from the aspects of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, career planning, home-school co-education, examination and enrollment, as well as educational governance, and indicates the value of comprehensive quality evaluation based on digital portrait for promoting the development of students' comprehensive quality and improving the quality of basic education.