中国电化教育

生成式人工智能的崛起推动教育生态向“人机共生”新范式转型。鉴于传统课堂在思维培养与多主体协同方面的诸多局限,该研究融合问题式学习与融智课堂的理论内核,提出“问题式融智课堂”创新模式,并构建三维结构框架。目标要素协同知识分类与思维渗透,驱动从知识传递到思维生成的范式跃迁。角色要素明晰教师、学生与AI大模型的分工逻辑,依托多主体动态交互激发群智涌现。过程要素围绕“7何”问题链模型设计递进认知路径,并提出垂域智能体的学科适配机制,平衡技术普适性与教育专属性。实践层面,从赋能关键角色、拓展应用场景、规避伦理风险与回归育人本真四方面提出实施路径,避免工具理性对价值理性的僭越。该研究旨在推动课堂从静态知识容器向动态思维创新场域的转型,为智能时代新质人才培养提供理论参考与实践启示,回应数智时代的教育挑战。

The rise of generative artificial intelligence has driven the transformation of the educational ecosystem toward a new paradigm of human-machine symbiosis. Given the limitations of traditional classrooms in cultivating thinking skills and facilitating multi-agent collaboration,this study integrates the theoretical foundations of Question-based learning and the Convergent Intelligence Classroom to propose the QuestionBased Convergent Intelligence Classroom as an innovative model, establishing a three-dimensional structural framework. The goal dimension synchronizes knowledge classification with cognitive penetration, driving a paradigm shift from knowledge transmission to cognitive generation. The role dimension clarifies the respective functions of teachers, students, and AI Large Language Models, leveraging multi-agent dynamic interaction to stimulate collective intelligence emergence. The process dimension revolves around the seven-question problem chain model,designing a progressive cognitive pathway and introducing the subject-specific adaptation mechanism of domain-oriented intelligent agents to balance the universality of technology with the specificity of education. At the practical level, this study proposes implementation pathways in four key areas: empowering key stakeholders, expanding application scenarios, mitigating ethical risks, and realigning with the essence of education,ensuring that instrumental rationality does not overshadow value rationality. This research aims to facilitate the transformation of classrooms from static knowledge containers to dynamic cognitive innovation spaces, providing theoretical references and practical insights for cultivating newquality talents in the era of intelligent education, thereby addressing the challenges posed by the digital-intelligent transformation of education.