中国电化教育

近年来,出生人口先增后减与城镇化相遇,乡村学龄人口减少,加剧乡镇寄宿制学校建设的现实需求。推进乡镇寄宿制学校建设,需要在充分肯定已有乡镇寄宿制学校建设政策的基础上,从全面质量观视角探索乡镇寄宿制学校建设政策的改进空间。目前,乡镇寄宿制学校布局政策逐渐细化,但部分地方寄宿制学校办学意愿仍然不高;基础设施建设标准基本完善,但有些基础设施建设标准仍待明确;生活服务人员配备标准、资质要求逐渐规范,但仍有一些配备标准、资质要求有待完善;生均公用经费补助标准出台并在近年有所提高,但仍需进一步精致化。推进乡镇寄宿制学校建设政策迭代,需要进一步明确责任边界,提高地方寄宿制学校办学积极性;推进标准化建设,提升寄宿制学校办学条件和管理水平;加强生活服务保障,完善服务人员配备标准与资质要求;考虑全时空育人功能,精致化配置公用经费。

In recent years, the interplay between a fluctuating birth population—initially rising then declining—and ongoing urbanization is leading to a reduction in the school-age population in rural areas. This trend intensifies the practical need for constructing township boarding schools. To advance this construction, it is essential to fully acknowledge the existing policies while exploring avenues for improvement from the perspective of a comprehensive quality framework. Currently, policies regarding the layout of township boarding schools are becoming more detailed, yet in some regions, there remains a reluctance to establish such schools. While standards for infrastructure development are largely established, certain specific standards still require clarification. The staffing criteria and qualification requirements for life service personnel are gradually being standardized, though some specifications need further refinement. The per-student public funding subsidy standards have been established and increased in recent years, but they still need further refinement. To drive the iterative improvement of policies for township boarding school construction, it is necessary to: further clarify demarcations of responsibility to enhance local enthusiasm for establishing these schools; promote standardized development to improve school conditions and management standards; strengthen life service guarantees by refining staffing standards and qualification requirements for support personnel; and consider the educational function of the entire campus space-time to optimize the allocation of public funds with greater precision.