| 4,345 | 31 | 235 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
手机沉迷是当今社会一个影响未成年人健康成长的世界性难题。未成年人手机沉迷表现出手机游戏成瘾、手机视频迷恋、手机社交依赖和手机学习异化等多重问题。这些问题严重影响着未成年人的健康发展。长时间沉迷手机不利于未成年人身体健康发展,导致身体机能下降;过度化沉迷手机不利于未成年人心理健康发展,诱发心理疾病;捷径化使用手机影响未成年人的学习能力与积极学习体验,弱化学习力;无序性沉迷手机增加未成年人接触不良信息与不良人群的机会,引发失范行为。为更好地防控未成年人手机沉迷,需要从严控未成年人手机"触网"的年龄、空间和时间红线入手,保障未成年人手机使用时长合理化,推进未成年人手机接收内容分类化,指导未成年人手机"触网"行为适度化。通过合理有效的教育干预,引导未成年人理性使用手机,防止未成年人成为"被手机耽误的一代"。
Abstract：Cell phone addiction is a worldwide problem that affects the growth of minors in modern society. Cell phone addiction among minors shows multiple problems such as mobile game addiction, mobile video obsession, mobile social dependence and mobile learning alienation. These problems seriously affect the development of minors. Long-term addiction to cell phones is detrimental to the physical development of minors and leads to the decline of physical functions; excessive addiction to cell phones is detrimental to the psychological development of minors and induces psychological diseases; Short-cutting addiction to cell phones affects the learning ability and positive learning experience of minors and weakens their learning power; disorderly addiction to cell phones increases the chances of minors' exposure to harmful information and delinquents and induces misbehavior. In order to prevent and control cell phone addiction among minors, we need to start from strictly controlling the age, space and time red line of minors' cell phone use, guaranteeing the rationalization of the length of minors' cell phone use, promoting the classification of minors' cell phone received content, and guiding minors to moderate their cell phone use behavior. Through reasonable and effective educational interventions, we can guide minors to use cell phones rationally and prevent them from becoming “one generation delayed by cell phones”.
[1]World Health Organization.Public health implications of excessive use of the Internet and other communication and gaming platforms[EB/OL].https://www.who.int/news/item/13-09-2018-public-health-implicationsof-excessive-use-of-the-internet-and-other-communication-andgaming-platforms,2021-10-10.
[2]联合国儿童基金会.2017年世界儿童状况:数字时代的儿童[R].北京:联合国儿童基金会,2018.
[3]中国互联网络信息中心.第47次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R].北京:中国互联网络信息中心,2021.
[4]贾文艺,易鑫等.家校社协同“管好”孩子手机[N].中国教育报,2021-03-26(03).
[5][56]刘坚,刘红云.全国首个“区域教育质量健康体检”报告[N].中国教师报,2021-04-28(14).
[6]World Health Organization.WHO releases new International Classification of Diseases (ICD 11)[EB/OL].https://www.who.int/news/item/18-06-2018-who-releases-new-international-classificationof-diseases-(icd-11),2021-10-05.
[7]Humphreys,G.,Higuchi,S.&Achab,S.,et al.Sharpening the focus on gaming disorder[J].Bulletin of the World Health Organisation,2019,6(97):382-383.
[8][10][12][13][35]中国互联网络信息中心.2020年全国未成年人互联网使用情况研究报告[R].北京:中国互联网络信息中心,2021.
[9]刘榜友.五十种疾病与看电视有关[J].中国职工教育,1994,(6):48.
[11]蓝星宇.62.8%受访者对网络社交的依赖程度较强[N].中国青年报,2015-08-20(07).
[14][18][21][22][29][37][50]World Health Organization.Guidelines on physical activity,sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5years of age[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,2019.1-10.
[15]Lemola,S.,Perkinson-Gloor,N.&Brand,S.,et al.Adolescents’Electronic Media Use at Night,Sleep Disturbance,and Depressive Symptoms in the Smartphone Age[J].Journal of Youth&Adolescence,2015,44(2):405-418.
[16][25]傅小兰,张侃等.心理健康蓝皮书:中国国民心理健康发展报告(2019-2020)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2021.192-194.
[17]国家卫生健康委员会.国家卫生健康委员会2021年7月13日新闻发布会文字实录[EB/OL].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3574/202107/2f ef24a3b77246fc9fb36dc8943af700.shtml,2021-08-20.
[19]Laurson,K.R,Eisenmann,J.C.&Welk,G.J.,et al.Combined Influence of Physical Activity and Screen Time Recommendations on Childhood Overweight[J].J Pediatr,2008,153(2):209-214.
[20]教育部.第八次全国学生体质与健康调研:中小学生超重肥胖率上升,大学生整体身体素质下降[EB/OL].http://www.moe.gov.cn/fbh/live/2021/53685/mtbd/202109/t20210903_558565.html,2021-10-05.
[23]O’Keeffe,G.S.&Clarke-Pearson,K.Clinical Report:The impact of social media on children,adolescents and families[J].Pediatrics,2011,127(4):800-804.
[24]World Health Organization.Adolescent mental health[EB/OL].https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mentalhealth,2021-11-25.
[26]Smith,P.K.,et al.Cyberbullying:its nature and impact in secondary school pupils[J].Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,2008,49(4):376-385.
[27]Ipsos.Global Views on Cyberbullying[R].Paris:Ipsos,2018.
[28]Lazuras,L.,Barkoukis,V.&Tsorbatzoudis,H.Face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying in adolescents:Trans-contextual effects and role overlap[J].Technology in Society,2017,48(FEB.):97-101.
[30]秦玉友.用什么指标表达教育质量--教育质量指标的选择与争议[J].教育发展研究,2012,32(03):7-11+34.
[31]中国互联网络信息中心.2019年全国未成年人互联网使用情况研究报告[R].北京:中国互联网络信息中心,2020.
[32][英]安东尼·吉登斯.赵旭东等译.社会学(第4版)[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.261.
[33]孙汝铭,王亦君.校外培训机构人员侵害未成年人权益犯罪明显增加[N].中国青年报,2019-08-09(02).
[34]王烨捷.不良行为者主要“沉迷网络”[N].中国青年报,2020-09-21(04).
[36][40][57]Committee on Public Education.Media Education[J].Pediatrics,1999,104(2):341-343.
[38]杨光富,陈宏友.法国校园禁用手机法案的成效与争议[J].比较教育研究,2020,42(1):33-38.
[39][58]教基厅函[2021]3号,教育部办公厅关于加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知[Z].
[41]教基函[2019]8号,教育部等六部门关于规范校外线上培训的实施意见[Z].
[42][44][48][55]中办发[2021]40号,中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》[Z].
[43][46]国新出发[2021]14号,国家新闻出版署关于进一步严格管理切实防止未成年人沉迷网络游戏的通知[Z].
[45][49][52]教体艺[2018]3号,教育部等八部门关于印发《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》的通知[Z].
[47]教体艺厅函[2021]19号,教育部办公厅等十五部门关于印发《儿童青少年近视防控光明行动工作方案(2021-2025年)》的通知[Z].
[51]国家卫生健康委员会.国家卫生健康委员会2018年9月25日例行新闻发布会散发材料之二：中国青少年健康教育核心信息及释义(2018版)[EB/OL].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/zccl/201809/820dd3db393c43c1a230817e2e4b9fd5.shtml,2021-10-05.
[53]中华人民共和国教育部令第50号,未成年人学校保护规定[Z].
[54]中央网络安全和信息化领导小组办公室/国家互联网信息办公室.网络视频平台全面推行青少年防沉迷系统[DB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-05/28/content_5395405.htm,2019-05-28.
(1)通过互联网进行粉丝应援成为未成年网民的一种新的网上社交与休闲娱乐活动。
基本信息:
中图分类号:D669.5;G521
引用信息:
[1]秦玉友,王玉姣.不让未成年人成为“被手机耽误的一代”——未成年人手机沉迷问题分析与教育干预[J].中国电化教育,2022,No.421(02):1-7+14.
2022-02-09
2022-02-09